2008年8月20日星期三

词汇及用法的按词根归类37-39 (共252)

37. gram = write, something written or drawn

grammar grammarian grammatical
语法上不规则的grammatically irregular
哪个句子语法不通That sentence is not grammatical
遣词造句不当use bad grammar

diagram diagrammatical
图解

telegram
发收电报

programme
政治纲领a political programme
为大学一年级新生拟制教学大纲plan a programme of lectures for first-year students
他们早先受过的教育已把他们训练得俯首贴耳、唯命是从Their early training programmes them to be obedient and submissive
这台录像机已调好在十点钟自动开机The video is programmed to switch itself on at ten o'clock

cryptogram
密码材料/密码文件

electrocardigram
心电图

seismogram
震动图

hologram
全息图/全息照相

phonogram
音标符号phonogram

gramophone
唱片a gramophone record


38. graph = write, writing, and instrument for making records

photograph photography
照出来好看/不好看 photograph well/badly

autograph
我有许多著名足球运动员的亲笔签名I've got lots of famous footabllers autographs
签名簿[册]an autograph book/album

geograph biograph idiograph
地理 传记 特别的记号

historiography
史料编纂/史料史评正史historiography

graphics
书画艺术the graphic arts
她一直绘声绘色地给我们讲她手术的细节She kept telling us about her operation, in the most graphic detail
对一场战斗的生动记述a graphic account of a battle

holography
亲笔文件/全像摄影holograph

chronograph
计时器chronograph

barograph
自动记录式气压计

seismograph
地震仪

macrograph micrograph
大形书写/肉眼检查

macrograph
写极小字的器具/显微照片micrograph

monograph
专题研究 论文 专文monograph

pseudograph
冒名作品pseudograph

orthography
正确或传统的拼写形式orthography
在词典中,词是按照字母拼写顺序排列的In dictionaries, words are listed according to their orthography


39. gress = go, walk

progress progressive progressist
行人沿着岩石小道慢慢往上走The walkers were making slow progress up the rocky path
在某些方面,上个世纪文明似乎进展不大In some ways, civilization does not seem to have progressed much in the last century
她的情况已逐步改进Her condition is showing a progressive improvement
进步的政党a progressive political party

retrogress retrogression re trogressive
中国离开社会主义就必然退回到半封建半殖民地Deciate from socialism and China will inecitably retrogress to semi-feudalism and semi-colonialism

congress congressional congressman
代表大会的审查、委员会a congressional investigation, committee

aggress agression agressive agressor
公然的侵略行动an act of open aggression
她自幼心中就充满了敌对情绪She was always full of aggression as a child
要做个好推销员一定要有闯劲才能成功A good salesman must be aggressive if he wants to secceed
侵略国the aggressor nation

egress egression
外出 外出权

ingress ingression
进入 [计]进端口

transgress gransgression
逾矩transgress the bounds of decency

digress
讲课时不要岔开主题Don't digress when lecturing
请允许我说几句题外话If you'll allow a light digression

regress
很多人,盛怒之下又退回到孩提时代,边大喊大叫边跺脚地发脾气Many men, when very angry, regerss to their childhood and show their bad temper by shouting and stamping their feet